TNSCERT 6 CIVICS UNIT 5

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     5.DEMOCRACY


  • After man started to live in groups, tribes were formed(chief as head)
  • The tribal chiefs fought among themselves and victorious chiefs form kingdoms, integrated into empires (monarchy), later came under the British rule
     DEMOCRACY AND ITS AIMS
  • After India freed from British rule, we adopted democracy as our ruling system in our constitution
  • Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution in the world
  • Democracy - Government of the people, by the people, for the people (Abraham Lincoln)
  • a considerable amount of power lies with the people (can participate in politics and decision making processes)
  • Greece - the birth place of democracy 

 
    POPULAR FORMS OF DEMOCRACY
  • most popular forms of democracy - direct democracy and representative democracy
  • Direct Democracy - only citizens can make law and can make changes in law (politicians can only rule the country) exist in Switzerland
  • Representative democracy - people select representatives through elections, the elected representatives have the responsibility to protect the welfare of the people
  • Representative democracy has two types 
  • Parliamentary democracy (India, England) 
  • Presidential democracy (USA, Canada)
  • New Zealand - first country to allow women voters(1893), then in UK (1918) and in US (1920) 
  • Now in India, all the citizens above 18 years of age can vote (Universal Adult Franchise)
  • A statistics shows 79% of Indian citizens have faith in democratic system
  • India ranks first among the democratic countries of the world
  • In 2007, the UNO declared 15th September as 'the International day of Democracy' 




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